The increasing burden of the 2-week wait colorectal cancer pathway in a single centre: the impact of faecal immunochemical tests.

Abstract

Two-week wait (TWW) volume and colorectal cancer (CRC) detection pose an increasing challenge for NHS cancer services. Primary aims were to assess the introduction of faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) into clinical practice at our centre, the impact on TWW referral volume and CRC diagnoses, and to provide an update to previously published work. A secondary aim was to correlate FIT value and investigation. TWW CRC data following incorporation of FIT into clinical practice were analysed (1 June 2019-31 July 2021). Parameters assessed were monthly referral volume, CRC detection, primary care FIT volume and secondary care investigations. Referrals and CRC detection rates were compared with previously published data (2009-2019). Data relating to primary care FIT were collated from Berkshire and Surrey Pathology Services. TWW referrals increased 360% (2009-2020). CRC incidence decreased from 8.87% to 3.24%. Following incorporation into clinical practice, primary care FIT requests have increased to >450/month and accompanied 1,722/4,796 referrals. CRC incidence is static (3-4%). Patients with FIT <10µg Hb/g faeces undergo radiological imaging more commonly, whereas FIT-positive patients are more likely to undergo endoscopy, although the difference is not statistically significant. No significant change in CRC diagnosis was observed, despite increasing TWW referrals. Increasing utilisation of FIT in both primary and secondary care has helped maintain CRC detection while avoiding diagnostic delay. This study supports growing evidence highlighting the value of FIT in triage, referral and TWW investigation. FIT appears increasingly important for allocating secondary care resources (endoscopy), while guiding primary care referral. Additional low-cost strategies to determine prioritisation or reassurance (e.g. repeat FIT) require further evaluation.