Abstract
Damage to fibroblasts within the cochlear lateral wall is suggested as one of the causes of hearing loss in patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to prove curcumin as a safe and effective substance to treat the fibroblasts damage measured by the expressions of type IV collagen. Twenty-four Rattus norvegicus were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=4). Group I: the control group; group II: the diabetic group; group III and IV: the diabetic groups received curcumin therapy 200 and 400 mg/kgBW/day from day 3 - 5; group V and VI: the diabetic groups received curcumin therapy 200 and 400 mg/kgBW/day from day 3 - 10. Curcumin [16.62 ± 0.14]% w/w compared to Standard was administered orally, derived from Curcuma longa Linnaeus (turmeric). All samples were immunohistochemistrically examined for the expressions of type IV collagen in cochlear fibroblasts. Statistically significant differences were found for the expressions of type IV collagen (p
Highlights
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by high levels of blood glucose due to defects in insulin secretion and/or insulin action (Azmi et al, 2015)
The expressions of type IV collagen were found to be greater in DM groups receiving curcumin, marked by more densely brown-colored fibroblasts compared to DM groups that did not receive curcumin. (Fig. 2C, 2D, 2E and 2F)
According to the result of immunohistochemistry assay performed in our study (Fig. 2), the expressions of type IV collagen detected in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts within the cochlear lateral wall of the diabetic group without curcumin administration demonstrated lower density seen in the brown color compared to the control group
Summary
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by high levels of blood glucose due to defects in insulin secretion and/or insulin action (Azmi et al, 2015). The association between DM and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) has been investigated for more than a century and most authors have the same opinion about SNHL inflicted by DM (Fukushima et al, 2005). A histopathological study in temporal bones from diabetic animal models showed thickening of the basilar membrane capillaries, loss of inner and outer hair cells, atrophy of the spiral ganglion cells, swelling of intermediate cells and atrophy of marginal cells in stria vascularis (Fukushima et al, 2005). The fibrocytes within cochlear lateral wall are nonsensory cells possessing important role in ion homeostasis and endocochlear potential maintenance in the inner ear. The degeneration of fibrocytes within cochlear lateral wall may lead to hearing loss due to the reduction in endocochlear (Mizutari, 2014). Some studies about DM demonstrated type IV collagen degradation due to the increased matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expressions and plasminogen activator (PA)/plasmin/PA
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