Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence rate of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was determined in the Calgary Metropolitan Area, a major Canadian city.MethodsData from all patients diagnosed with AML between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2015 were retrieved from a single, centralized cancer cytogenetics laboratory for bone marrow samples, the sole diagnostic facility of its kind in Southern Alberta.ResultsThe calculated incidence rate was 2.79 cases per 100,000 person-years with a median age of 60, slightly lower than previously published data. The age-standardized incidence rate for Canada was 3.46 cases per 100,000 person-years. The higher value is reflective of Calgary’s younger population compared to the rest of Canada. Higher male incidence and greatest incidence occurring at approximately the age of 85 is similar to data from other developed countries. The lower incidence rates and median age of diagnosis, in comparison with that of other high-income nations, may be due to differences in the proportion of aging citizens in the population.ConclusionThis is the first published incidence rate of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in Canada across all age groups.
Highlights
The incidence rate of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was determined in the Calgary Metropolitan Area, a major Canadian city
The WorldHealth Organization (WHO) classification defines AML subtypes according to morphological and maturation differences in the blast cells present during diagnosis [9], and includes specific genetic abnormalities that can be determined by cytogenetics testing
The Calgary Metropolitan Area (CMA) incidence was about 20% lower than the age-standardized rate for Canada, 3.47 cases per 100,000 person-years
Summary
The incidence rate of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was determined in the Calgary Metropolitan Area, a major Canadian city. The FAB classification system dates to 1976 and specifies a diagnosis of AML when there is greater than 30% blast population in the peripheral blood and bone marrow [6, 7]. The 2008 WHO revision classifies neoplasms based on morphologic, cytogenetic, clinical, and phenotypic criteria [8] They define AML as a myeloid neoplasm with greater than 20% blast population in the peripheral blood and bone marrow [7, 9]. The WHO classification defines AML subtypes according to morphological and maturation differences in the blast cells present during diagnosis [9], and includes specific genetic abnormalities that can be determined by cytogenetics testing. Manifestations of secondary-AML (sAML) and therapy-related-AML (tAML) refer to the development of AML after diagnosis
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