The in vitro and in vivo Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Activity of Incomplete Degradation Products of Hemicellulosic Polysaccharide (Galactomannan) From Sesbania cannabina.

Yuheng Tao,Yanmin Zhou,Chenhuan Lai,Qiang Yong,Ting Wang,Zhe Ling

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2021.679558

Abstract

As known, the nutritional status affects antioxidant capacity and immunity, ultimately affecting the body’s health. Recently, hemicellulosic polysaccharides of galactomannan in different biomass and their degradation products are gaining more attention due to excellent antioxidant enhancement and immunomodulatory activity. Herein, incomplete degradation products of galactomannan (IDPG) were prepared from the enzymatic hydrolysis of Sesbania cannabina seeds, followed by the in vitro and in vivo experiments. Using an H2O2-injured RAW264.7 cells model, IDPG was demonstrated to have antioxidant capacity, as indicated by superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. While in the evaluation in laying hens (68-weeks-old), diets were supplemented with 0, 0.01, 0.025, and 0.05% IDPG for 8 weeks, respectively. Our results showed that IDPG can improve antioxidant capacity by increasing antioxidants contents and reducing MDA content. Furthermore, IDPG can increase immunoglobulins and cytokines secretion, thereby enhancing the immunity of laying hens. This result was further demonstrated by in vitro experiment, in which IDPG significantly increased the secretion of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in RAW264.7 cells (P < 0.05). Overall, IDPG can improve antioxidant function and modulate immunological response, thereby the concept of using IDPG for health may gain a little more credibility.

Highlights

Hemicellulosic polysaccharides from different biomass have been applied in various fields (Li et al, 2020; Xiang et al, 2020)
Effects of incomplete degradation products of galactomannan (IDPG) on the Viability of RAW264.7 Cells Treated With or Without H2O2 As shown in Figure 1A, the IDPG significantly promoted the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05)
The possible routes by which natural polysaccharides and their degradation products can improve the antioxidant capacity of the body are as follows: (1) activate the antioxidative enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) through metabolic pathways; and (2) block oxidative chain reactions attributed to lipid peroxide, and eventually inhibit the peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids on its membrane structure

Summary

Introduction

Hemicellulosic polysaccharides from different biomass have been applied in various fields (Li et al, 2020; Xiang et al, 2020). Numerous in vitro experiments about natural polysaccharides from different biomass have confirmed that they can enhance immunity and suppress excessive immune responses caused by various stimuli (Tang et al, 2019) This subset of Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory of Hemicellulosic Polysaccharide polysaccharides includes examples such as arabinogalactans (Tang et al, 2018), galactomannan (Gu et al, 2020), β-glucan (Pan et al, 2020), and so on. Mannose-binding lectins present on macrophages can bind mannan and activate the immunity via a non-selfrecognition mechanism (Gamal-Eldeen et al, 2006) These outstanding characteristics constitute the major advantages of polysaccharides with mannose as the main chain different from other types of polysaccharides on immunity function. These multifunctional materials can be further applied in vivo experimentation as an animal feed additive

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Discussion

Conclusion