Abstract
Potato is an important food crop in both developed and developing countries and it is the fourth most important food crop after wheat, maize, and rice. Potato production in Indonesia has decreased in recent years, mainly due to the use of low quality tuber seed. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of plant materials, types of nutrients, and planting density on mini tuber formation, as well as to determine the best aeroponics conditions for mini tuber formation of Granola cultivar of potato. This research has been carried out experimentally using a Split-split Plot Design. The main plot was planting materials which consisted of plantlet and knol. The subplot was the type of nutrition media which consisted of Farran nutrition, Otazu nutrition, and AB-commercial mix. The sub-sub-plot was planting density which consisted of 50, 75, and 100 plants/m2. The research results showed that knol planted in aeroponics system on AB-commercial mix at a planting density of 75 plants/m2 resulted in the best mini-tuber production. In this study, for the first time three important factors for potato mini-tuber production have thoroughly been investigated in Indonesia. This finding will be used by Kledung Horticultural Seed Garden, Temanggung, for mass production of high-quality mini-tuber seed, which in turn will provide sufficient tuber seed for the farmer in its surrounding areas. By increasing the production of high-quality tuber seed, it is expected that it will contribute to the improvement of potato productivity and increase Indonesian potato production.
Highlights
Potato is one of the most important staple food in many parts of the world and an integral part of the world's food supply (Alva et al, 2011; Devaux et al, 2014)
Indonesian potato production is hindered by the difficulty in providing high-quality seeds in the right quantity and cultivar (Waluyo & Karyadi, 2013), unfavorable climates, and problems caused by pests and diseases (Agustina et al, 2019; Fahim et al, 2013; Samiyarsih et al, 2018)
The research results showed that mini tuber formation of Granola cultivar of potato on the aeroponics system was controlled by the planting material, nutrition medium, and the planting density applied
Summary
Potato is one of the most important staple food in many parts of the world and an integral part of the world's food supply (Alva et al, 2011; Devaux et al, 2014). Potato production in Indonesia has increased from 1,219,270 tonnes (2015) to 1,284,780 tonnes (in 2018), but this production was lower than that of in 2014, which was 1,347,815 tonnes (Statistics Indonesia, 2018). Indonesian potato production is hindered by the difficulty in providing high-quality seeds in the right quantity and cultivar (Waluyo & Karyadi, 2013), unfavorable climates, and problems caused by pests and diseases (Agustina et al, 2019; Fahim et al, 2013; Samiyarsih et al, 2018). Granola is one of the yellow potato cultivars which is widely cultivated in Indonesia. This superior cultivar has an average harvest time of 90 days, with productivity reaching 30-40 tons per hectare, and more resistant to diseases
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