Abstract
Purpose: Human milk has evolved to foster not only the growth of the infant, but also to shape the infant gut microbiome via complex human milk oligosaccharides. The relative composition of bacteria in the gut microbiome of infants differs, depending on infant delivery mode, primary nutritional source, antibiotic usage, infant age, and location. Individual taxa, specifically members of Bifidobacterium, are associated with positive health outcomes in infants, and genetic adaptations to human milk appear to be unique among some of …
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