Abstract
Resilience is a personal characteristic or trait that is revealed in situations in which the individual shows high adaptation mechanisms. It is not a state of stress immunity but the ability to adapt to different circumstances. This characteristic is highly important for future teachers and their teaching activities. To analyze resilience levels of future teachers of nursery, primary and secondary education. First, this study is ainstrumental research carried out to revalidate the CD-RISC (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale) for teachers in training, and second, based on the foregoing results, it is a non-experimental empirical study. The participants were 373 students of degrees in Early Childhood Education, Primary Education, and a Master’s Degree in Secondary Education from two Spanish Universities and a Chilean university. Exploratory and a confirmatory factorial analysis were sequentially used to identify the number and composition of factors, and central tendency and dispersion tests, analysis of variance, and effect size were calculated. The programs and statistical tests used were SPSS.22, FACTOR.10.8.01, M-Plus.7.3, and G*Power 3.1.9.2. The instrumental research revealed a bifactorial distribution, resistant personality, resources and control. Females, older individuals, and those who attend primary education showed higher resilience levels than males, younger people, and children in early childhood education.
Highlights
The phoenix is a beast from Greek mythology, which, from time to time, burnt and reemerged from its own ashes
A descriptive analysis of the items that make up the scale was performed, finding that the distribution of Items 5 and 25 present skewness and kurtosis values that exceed ±2, the value recommended by Bandalos and Finney [44], Muthén and Kaplan [45], and Muthén and Kaplan [46]
The rotation revealed that item 6 did not load on any factor, as it did not reach the value of 0.300, so it was eliminated from the scale, as were items 7 and 20, which appeared in the two factors with a smaller difference of 0.100
Summary
The phoenix is a beast from Greek mythology, which, from time to time, burnt and reemerged from its own ashes. Mentioned by Hesiod in the eighth century BC, and subsequently in further explanations by the historian Herodotus, the myth of the phoenix spread among the Greeks, who gave it the name of Phoenicoperus (red wings). It has been depicted in most well-known cultures, including the Chinese, Japanese, Russians (the firebird, musically immortalized by Stravinsky), Egyptians (the Bennu who, according to Ovid, died and was reborn every 500 years), Hindus, and Indigenous American like the Aztecs, the Mayans, and the Toltecs (Quetzal).
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