The importance of some Red Sea ports and cities for the Portuguese through the journey of the Portuguese man Duarte Barbosa in 972 A.H./ 1565 A.D.

Abstract

The beginning of the 15th century A.D. is regarded as the start of geographical discoveries movement , the actual beginning of the colonial movement of the cities of the Islamic world which was led by Portugal , and then by the papacy. Although the Mamluk State was entering its final throes, it tried to protect the holy places in Makkah Al-Mukarramah and Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah by preventing the Portuguese ships from entering the Red Sea, but the Portuguese ships were navigating in the Red Sea for their economic interests, and their pursuit of their desired purpose, which was the revenge on Muslims and invading their holy cities. The research will highlight the dangers of the Portuguese invasion during this period on the Red Sea coasts , the purpose of Duarte Barbosa journey in 972 A.H./1565 A.D. , and the report that Duarte Barbosa wrote about some important cities and coasts of the Red Sea for the Portuguese, and the importance of these cities for them. All of these reports were sent to the Royal Library in Lisboa, which was the headquarters of the Maritime and Commercial Empire. This journey text was written in the Portuguese language, and it was lost for a long time until it was obtained by Dr. Sultan Mohammed Al-Qassimi in 1433 A.H./ 2012 A.D. , and it was translated and directed by him in a huge manuscript, which is considered as the oldest manuscript containing much information about the Arabian Peninsula and the Islamic coasts. Moreover, this manuscript represents the beginning of Portuguese colonization over Islamic monarchies. The researcher.