Abstract
Osteoporosis is a very common bone disease characterized by low bone mass and micro architectural deterioration of bone tissue. It may result in high risk of bone fractures with impaired quality of life. The prevention of this disorder is based on an appropriate lifestyle and a proper diet. The correct supply of Vitamins D and K, protein, fatty acids and dietary components are notable factors that help maintain healthy bone structure. The effects of these elements have been briefly discussed and they have been shown to correlate to bone health.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is very common—it is likely the most common bone disease [1]
The goal of this review is to describe the dietary factors involved in bone metabolism and their role in the prevention of osteoporosis
The link between dietary potassium and bicarbonate and the bone metabolism has been recently investigated by Hanley et al [16], that reported in a review article that ahigh intake of potassium with an increased feed with fruit and vegetables decreased the urinary calcium excretion through two possible mechanisms of action: 1) high fiber content of the diet that minimizes calcium absorption, or 2) a reduction of the “acid load” that conserves calcium for bone retention [16]
Summary
Osteoporosis is very common—it is likely the most common bone disease [1]. It is characterized by low bone mass and mineral density that causes bone fragility and a subsequent increase in susceptibility to fracture [2]. There are many food constituents that have been suggested to be potential enhancers of calcium absorption including lactose, lactulose, and casein phosphopeptides These common milk components play a considerable role in postmenopausal women as well in reducing incident fractures in individuals who had previously suffered fractures and a reduction in bone mass [8]. Bolland et al (10) studied 1471 healthy postmenopausal women on a calcium supplementation diet consisting of 1 g of elemental calcium daily as the citrate or identical placebo. Relevant complications such as myocardial infarction, stroke and sudden death were observed for five years in the treated group. J Osteopor Phys Act 3: 160. doi:10.4172/2329-9509.1000160 matter of debate, having reported in literature only a few studies that have addressed fracture endpoints [12]
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