Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic multifactorial pathology and a current and essential challenge for public health, with a negative impact on the geriatric patient’s quality of life. The pathophysiology is not fully known; therefore, no specific treatment has been found to date. The increase in the number of newly diagnosed cases of KOA is worrying, and it is essential to reduce the risk factors and detect those with a protective role in this context. The destructive effects of free radicals consist of the acceleration of chondrosenescence and apoptosis. Among other risk factors, the influence of redox imbalance on the homeostasis of the osteoarticular system is highlighted. The evolution of KOA can be correlated with oxidative stress markers or antioxidant status. These factors reveal the importance of maintaining a redox balance for the joints and the whole body’s health, emphasizing the importance of an individualized therapeutic approach based on antioxidant effects. This paper aims to present an updated picture of the implications of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in KOA from pathophysiological and biochemical perspectives, focusing on antioxidant systems that could establish the premises for appropriate treatment to restore the redox balance and improve the condition of patients with KOA.
Highlights
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is known as a chronic degenerative disease and a significant public health issue worldwide; the economic burden associated with it rises with population aging in most countries [1]
Oxidative stress is the result of excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which exceeds the capacity of the cellular antioxidant defense system to effectively remove them from the cells [14]
These results highlight the importance of correlating the ROS concentrations, determined using oxidative stress markers, with total antioxidative capacity (TAC), the clinical applicability of this assessment being of real interest for KOA in geriatric patients
Summary
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is known as a chronic degenerative disease and a significant public health issue worldwide; the economic burden associated with it rises with population aging in most countries [1]. Along with other risk factors, all these alterations favor the onset and progression of KOA and impose a series of blood tests enabling the identification of free radicals and serum antioxidants levels for tailoring a personalized therapeutic approach that could include sources of antioxidants. In this context, it is essential to develop appropriate strategies and identify the appropriate prevention solutions by discovering and reducing alterable risk factors [9]. The present work includes cohort studies, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials, meta-analyses, and reviewed studies
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