Abstract
Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) shows great similarities to human breast cancer in the cellular and molecular levels. So, in cats as in humans, the role of immune responses is indicated to detect and follow up the development of tumors. As a new breast cancer therapeutic approach, Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy (PPTT) is an effective localized treatment for canine and feline mammary-carcinoma. Its systemic effect has not been inquired yet and needs many studies to hypothesis how the PPTT eradicates tumor cells. In this study, it is the first time to detect (P53, PCNA, MUC-1, and C-MYC) feline autoantibodies (AAbs), study the relationship between PCNA AAbs and mammary-tumors, and investigate the effect of PPTT on the humoral immune response of cats with mammary-carcinoma through detection of AAbs level before, during, and after the treatment. The four-AAbs panel was evaluated in serum of normal and clinically diagnosed cats with mammary tumors using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. The panel showed 100% specificity and 93.7% sensitivity to mammary tumors. The panel was evaluated in PPTT monotherapy, mastectomy monotherapy, and combination therapy. PPTT monotherapy decreased AAbs level significantly while mastectomy monotherapy and combination therapy had a nonsignificant effect on AAbs level.
Highlights
Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) shows great similarities to human breast cancer in the cellular and molecular levels
The cats were divided into 5 groups which included group 1 (H: clinically healthy cats), group 2 (TN: tumor without treatment), group 3 (TP: tumor treated with Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy (PPTT) monotherapy), group 4 (TS: tumor treated with mastectomy only) and group 5 (TSP: tumor treated with a combination of surgery and PPTT.) (Table 1)
Results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis (Table 2) showed that values of any of the four studied diagnostic markers before application of any treatment could significantly differentiate between the normal group (H; n = 6) and the cats diagnosed with mammary tumor (TN + TP + TS + TSP; n = 32) (Fig. 1)
Summary
Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) shows great similarities to human breast cancer in the cellular and molecular levels. The real usefulness of the TAAs as circulating tumor markers in the management of breast cancer has been questioned because of the low diagnostic sensitivity for the early disease before the appearance of clinical manifestation and prior recurrence or even metastasis. Their role in monitoring treatment responses through different stages of tumorigeneses, after completion of therapy, remained u navailable[4]. Several studies present hopeful preliminary results, there is a need to validate AAbs’ signature for biomarker researches in the c linic[8]
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