The Implementation of the Right to Education in Indonesia

Munafrizal Manan

doi:10.15742/ilrev.v5n1.137

Abstract

This article discusses the implementation of the right to education in Indonesia. It uses human rights and historical approaches. Human rights approach is used to describe international human rights instruments on the guarantee of the right to education that is applied universally. This approach is also dealing with international human rights instrument on the right to education that has been ratified by Indonesia as well as national regulation instruments on the right to education applied in Indonesia. Historical approach highlights the role of Indonesian governments in education sector after the Independence Day, especially regarding the implementation of the right to education. The discussion focuses on the development that has been achieved and the difficultythat has been faced in the implementation of the right to education. Despite there have been significant progresses achieved in implementing the right to education, the Indonesian governments remain facing the difficulty to fulfil the right to education for the entire of Indonesian citizens. However, in the middle of such a difficulty, it raises a creative idea and concrete action from civil society in terms of providing education service for marginalized and indigenous peoples.

Highlights

The need for education is more than necessary
Human rights approach is used to describe international human rights instruments on the guarantee of the right to education that is applied universally. This approach is dealing with international human rights instrument on the right to education that has been ratified by Indonesia as well as national regulation instruments on the right to education applied in Indonesia
Despite there have been significant progresses achieved in implementing the right to education, the Indonesian governments remain facing the difficulty to fulfil the right to education for the entire of Indonesian citizens

Summary

Introduction

The need for education is more than necessary. A global statesman like Nelson Mandela once said that “education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.”No doubt that education is needed by all human beings.Without education, at least basic education, it is difficultfor people to participateactively in the globalization eraand reach opportunities provided by it. From the very beginning of a newly independent state named the Republic of Indonesia was established following the Independence Proclamation on 17 August 1945, the State Founders were fully aware of the importance of the right to education. Indonesia still faces difficulties to provide educational services for all citizens of Indonesia This present articleis an attempt to explore the implementation of the right to education in Indonesia by focusing on its developments and difficultiesover the last six decades. It provides a brief view on the right to education according to international human rights instruments some of which Indonesia has ratified.

The Right to Education in International Human Rights Instruments

The Developments of the Right to Education in Indonesia

The Right to Education for Marginalized and Indigenous Peoples

Findings

Conclusion