Abstract
Additive Manufacturing (AM), widely known as 3D printing, is a fabrication process to build 3D parts layer by layer directly from a virtual CAD model. It is an innovative technology, with the potential to revolutionize the manufacturing industry completely. It is possible to manufacture complex shaped parts, shortening production sequence, reducing time to market and allowing mass customization. As one of Industry 4.0 nine pillars, AM has promoted an extensive number of researches. Some of them identify organizational culture as a leading factor affecting its implementation in industries. Like any change within companies, organizational culture can be a decisive factor for the successful implementation of AM. However, few studies have thoroughly explored the subject to find which set of cultural characteristics can guide the whole organization. This research identifies, through a systematic literature review (SLR) based on the PRISMA Protocol, which set of cultural characteristics can guide the transition from conventional to AM technology. The systematic literature review was capable of identifying a set of 41 cultural characteristics, which the company should present to implement AM successfully. Knowing which cultural characteristics can help AM implementation companies will increase their chances of succeeding when moving towards AM technologies within Industry 4.0.
Highlights
New concepts, such as industry 4.0, are emerging bringing nine pillars: Big Data and Analytics; Autonomous Robots; Simulation; System Integration; Internet of Things (IoT); Cyber security and Cyber Physical Systems (CPS); Cloud Computing; Augmented Reality and Additive Manufacturing (AM)
The research question was defined: Q1 - What Cultural Characteristics/factors affect the adoption of innovative technologies such as AM? To answer this question, the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases were used for search
The results empirically demonstrate the impact of these cultural characteristics on the organizations
Summary
New concepts, such as industry 4.0, are emerging bringing nine pillars: Big Data and Analytics; Autonomous Robots; Simulation; System Integration; Internet of Things (IoT); Cyber security and Cyber Physical Systems (CPS); Cloud Computing; Augmented Reality and Additive Manufacturing (AM). Cross-functional cooperation, with teams from different departments and different sets of knowledge and skills, facilitates the processes of communication, information sharing and cooperation, influencing the company success (Lee, Chong, & Ramayah, 2018) Many of these Cultural Characteristics covered by the publications are derived from models such as Competing Values Framework by Quinn & Rohrbaugh (1983), Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) by Cameron, K. Even if some change takes months or years, making a culture more innovative is extremely important for organizations (Bendak, Shikhli, & Abdel-Razek, 2020) in a scenario of emerging technologies such as additive manufacturing (3D printing), robotics, among others (Chang et al, 2017) It has great potential innovation, AM present several barriers to be implemented in companies. One innovative and disruptive technology, such as AM, will have a great impact on most companies, especially in their organizational culture, which will certainly go through significant changes in the near future
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