Abstract
One of the biggest challenges currently for public health in Brazil and worldwide are vector-borne diseases, and current control measures are inefficient. Mosquitoes are among the vectors of various diseases, because they are hematophagous, females require blood in the ovulation period for reproduction and once contaminated, the mosquito can contain bacteria, protozoa and viruses that are allocated in their salivary glands, thus infecting the individual directly into the bloodstream. Aedes aegypti is responsible for the diseases: dengue, zika, chikungunya and yellow fever. The forms of control for vector mosquitoes so far are ineffective, and with this several technologies have been developed as alternatives in the control and combat of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. With recent approvals for the release of genetically modified insects, there is a need for more detailed studies to assess their ecological potential and evolutionary effects. These effects can occur in two phases: a transient phase when the focal population changes in density, and a steady state phase when it reaches a new and constant density. With the innovations in vector control through genetically modified insects give us a new perspective in relation to genetic manipulation. This study aims to evaluate the potential effects of a rapid change in the density of the Aedes aegypti mosquito related to biological control through the genetically modified mosquito. So we wonder, can biotechnology be a solution to public health problems in the case of the Aedes aegypti mosquito or a problem? Since the transformation or modifications of these living beings in laboratories are new techniques that so far it is impossible to know what the long-term consequences will be.
Highlights
Mosquitoes have been intensely studied since the 19th century when they were first related to disease vectors for men and other vertebrates (WILKE; GOMES et al, 2009)
In this scenario biology has presented a prominent position in the area of science, mainly in the areas of Molecular Biology and Genetics with transgenic organisms
Genetic contamination can be seen as a reality, when we introduce gm mosquitoes into a habitat, these mosquitoes can cross with wild or sexually compatible relatives
Summary
Mosquitoes have been intensely studied since the 19th century when they were first related to disease vectors for men and other vertebrates (WILKE; GOMES et al, 2009). The environmental disasters that have been caused by the disorderly exploitation of man by natural resources and by the development of the process of urbanization and industrialization have reached unimaginable proportions, endangering human health (BARBIERI, 1998). These serious environmental imbalances that have reached a global scale, highlighting the picture of destruction of nature, these situations of environmental transformations are what most favor the emergence of new diseases (SCHMIDT, 2007) (KWEKA; KIMARO and MUNGA, 2016). Several mechanisms have already been suggested to explain how environmental imbalance has contributed to the increase of diseases caused by mosquitoes (SACCARO JUNIOR; MATION and SAKOWSKI, 2015)
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