The Impacts of Climate Change on Rural Areas of Afghanistan: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

In Asia, Afghanistan is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, with frequent droughts and floods. The agricultural sector, drinking water, health, food security, hunger, and soil quality and organic matter are all negatively affected by climate change. Examining how farms are responding to variations in precipitation and temperature and the effects of climate change are the primary goals of present paper. According to recent studies, Afghani farmers use a range of adaptation techniques to cope with the impacts of climate change. These techniques include altering the type of fertilizers used, crop variety, pesticides, quality of seeds, water conservation, diversifying their farms, planting shade trees, using different methods of irrigation, moving permanently or temporarily, and selling resources. Additionally, studies conducted in the literature revealed that farmers in wetland areas felt less variation in the climate than those in dry areas. In this review, we have found severe influences of climate change on agriculture, poverty and health conditions in rural areas of Afghanistan, therefore it is important for the responsible authorities to take immediate action for climate change adaptation to overcome the severe impacts of climate change in rural areas of Afghanistan.