Abstract
The objectives of this research were: (1) to analyze the use of labor allocation, productivity and income of swamp rice farmers of users and non-users of combine harvester technology; (2) to explore the impact of combine harvester technology and other factors on rice farm income; and (3) to analyze the impacts of using combine harvester technology on the socio-economic condition of farmers and harvest workers. From the result of the research, it can be seen that the amount of labor allocation in swamp rice farming conducted by farmer users of combine harvester is smaller than that of the non-users, that is 57,60 HOK and 117,63 HOK respectively. The productivity of swamp rice farming on the users is 4.543.56 kg per hectare per year in the form of dry grains whereas that of the non-users only reached 4,423,33 kg per hectare per year. Income of swamp rice farming using combine harvester is larger if compared with that of the non users that is equal to Rp14,942,737.16 per hectare per year for the users and Rp9,954,095.76 per hectare per year for the non-users. From the result of regression analysis, it can be seen that dummy variables of combine harvester technology, experience of farming, productivity, fertilizer cost, pesticide cost and labor cost have significant impacts on rice farmer income. Combine Harvester technology has both positive and negative impacts on social, economic and technical conditions in swamp rice farming for the farmers and worker harvesters. Keywords: combine harvester, social, economy, rice, swamp
Highlights
Food is a fundamental necessity for human survival; it has an important role as a provider of business field for most of the Indonesian, national income, economic stability, social and society
The positive impacts of the use of combine harvester technology on the socio-economic conditions of the farmer users are: (1) The allocation of labor or work time in the farm is reduced, increasing the leisure time that can be used for other productive activities, (2) production cost decreases, (3) more income is earned from increased rice farming, (4) productivity is slightly higher, insignificant, because fewer crops are lost, and (5) harvest is faster and rice is cleaner, but the result of research shows that there are no significant differences in rice yields
Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the amount of time spent in work or labor allocation on the rice farming of swamps carried out by the farmers using combine harvester is smaller than that by the non-users
Summary
Food is a fundamental necessity for human survival; it has an important role as a provider of business field for most of the Indonesian, national income, economic stability, social and society. One of the important food commodities concerning the national interest is rice as staple food for most Indonesians (PTPH, 2015). One of the efforts to meet the increasing demand of food from year to year is by increasing rice production (Balitbang, 2010). According to Yurisinthae (2012), the increase in paddy production that has been carried out is achieved by intensification (use of improved varieties and improved cultivation techniques) as well as by extensification (expansion of agricultural land). Increased rice production is expected to increase food security towards food self-sufficiency and achieve sustainable self-sufficiency. To increase rice production through the expansion of agricultural land is by cultivating rice in rice fields and in swamplands
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