Abstract
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been confirmed as one of the most promising technologies for many smart grid (SG) applications due to their low complexity and inexpensive costs. A typical WSN is formed with numerous battery limited sensor nodes mounted on critical components of a SG system for monitoring applications. Acquired monitoring data by sensor nodes are conveyed to the base station generally by using multihop communication techniques. WSN-based SG applications encounter severe propagation losses due to extreme channel conditions of the SG environment. In order to reduce possible packet errors caused by channel variations, transmission power control approaches can be adopted where the set size of available transmission power levels differs among the utilized hardware platforms. Usage of low transmission power levels can reduce the energy dissipation of nodes, which may lead to high packet drops. On the other hand, usage of high transmission power levels can prevent packet errors. Nonetheless, this alternative solution may lead to premature death of sensor nodes. Depending on the networking conditions, it is possible to confront applications such that the utilization of all available power levels provided by the node hardware may be unnecessary. In order to overcome this issue, determination of optimal transmission power levels set size for WSN-based SG applications becomes a critical research topic to prolong the network lifetime. In this work, we propose an optimization model to maximize the network lifetime while limiting the size of the transmission power levels set. Furthermore, we propose two strategies that are built on top of the optimization model to investigate the impact of the most used and optimal power levels on WSN lifetime considering several SG environments under various networking conditions.
Highlights
For many years, power grid systems were monitored and maintained through expensive wired communication principles [1]
We propose a strategy, which is built onto the aforementioned mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model, called the histogram-based power levels decision (HB-PLD) strategy that determines the most used transmission power levels for a maximized lifetime according to the transmission power level usage statistics for six smart grid (SG) environments considering various network sizes without limiting the size of the transmission power levels set
In our previous work [7], we focused on determining optimal transmission power levels set for conventional terrestrial Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which maximizes the network lifetime
Summary
Power grid systems were monitored and maintained through expensive wired communication principles [1]. We develop an optimization model by using the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) framework that maximizes the network lifetime By using this optimization model, two strategies are proposed to determine the most used and optimal transmission power levels sets for WSN-based SG applications. The authors of [22] and [23] investigated link channel characteristics in wireless body area sensor networks Among these works, Natarajan et al [22] used three predetermined power level sets To the best of our knowledge, there are no controlled studies that investigate the impacts of determining transmission power levels that maximize the network lifetime by using an actual WSN node platform quantitatively for SG applications. Based SG applications with the objective of maximization of network lifetime by using the power consumption characteristics of a real WSN node platform
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