Abstract
BackgroundThe occurrence of occupational accidents is a serious public health issue in industrial workers and may impose life jeopardizing complications. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a training intervention based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) on helmet use of workers in cement factories in Khoy and Urmia, Northwest of Iran.Materials and methodsThis study was a controlled quasi-experimental investigation (before and after) which was conducted on 170 workers employed in Khoy and Urmia cement factories, Northwest of Iran. Eighty-five eligible subjects from Khoy (as intervention group) and 85 similar samples from Urmia (as control group) were selected and recruited. A valid and reliable four-part questionnaire was used to collect the data including socio demographic information, awareness, the theory constructs, and the behavior. After completing the study questionnaire and needs assessment, a specific educational program was implemented on the intervention group only. The effects of education were compared between the groups before and after intervention. The posttest was applied 1 month after educational intervention.ResultsThe mean age of workers in the intervention and control groups was 34.32 ± 8.19 and 33.62 ± 6.17 years, respectively. Before education, the mean score of awareness and helmet use behavior of intervention group was 6.15 ± 3.4 and 5.35 ± 2.8, but after education, those changed into 13.61 ± 3.10 and 9.15 ± 1.65, and the differences were significant (p < 0.01). In addition, before education, the mean score of attitude, subjective norm, behavioral control, and behavioral intention of intervention group was 27 ± 5.17, 37.74 ± 6.92, 29.56 ± 6.17, and 17.65 ± 4.90, respectively. After education, the mean score of those changed into 37.26 ± 4.76, 48.34 ± 5.64, 42 ± 8.07, and 24.79 ± 5.33, respectively, and changes were statistically significant (p < 0.01), while no statistically significant differences were observed in awareness, the behavior, and the theory constructs in the control group after the intervention.Conclusion and recommendationsThe TPB-based educational approach had a remarkable effect on helmet use of workers. Applying this theory to improve workers’ personal protective behaviors is recommended and emphasized.
Highlights
The occurrence of various kinds of occupational accidents in different workplaces imposes various damages to the active manpower and tends to develop life-threatening disabilities and situations [1]
The theory of planned behavior (TPB)-based educational approach had a remarkable effect on helmet use of workers
Studies show that 80–90% of causes of occupational accidents in industrialized countries are due to the unsafe behavior of workers and 10–20% is related to the unsafe working conditions
Summary
The occurrence of various kinds of occupational accidents in different workplaces imposes various damages to the active manpower and tends to develop life-threatening disabilities and situations [1]. Occupational accident is any physical injury conditions sustained on a worker in connection with the performance of his or her work [2]. Despite the relative improvement in workplace conditions, occupational accidents and its consequences are increasing among employed workers. Studies show that 80–90% of causes of occupational accidents in industrialized countries are due to the unsafe behavior of workers and 10–20% is related to the unsafe working conditions. The occurrence of occupational accidents is a serious public health issue in industrial workers and may impose life jeopardizing complications. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a training intervention based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) on helmet use of workers in cement factories in Khoy and Urmia, Northwest of Iran
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