Abstract
BackgroundThe triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) is a valuable marker for predicting adverse cardiovascular events in diabetic patients. However, for nondiabetic patients, whether the TyG index is independently related to poor prognosis remains unclear. This cohort study assessed the association of the TyG index with future cardiovascular risk in nondiabetic subjects who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsWe consecutively enrolled 5,489 nondiabetic patients who underwent PCI. All experimental subjects were divided into three groups based on their TyG index, which was determined by the equation ln (fasting triglyceride (mg/dl) × fasting blood glucose (mg/dl)/2). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), including all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), nonfatal stroke, and target vessel revascularization (TVR).ResultsA total of 386 MACCE were documented during a median 29-month follow-up. The Kaplan–Meier survival results indicated that among the three groups, there was no obvious difference in any endpoints. Further Cox regression analyses suggested that the TyG index was not independently related to adverse cardiovascular outcomes for nondiabetic patients who underwent PCI (HR: 0.77, 95% CI 0.56–1.16, P = 0.210 for MACCE). Subgroup analysis suggested that the TyG index was independently relevant to MACCE for patients with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lower than 1.8 mmol/L.ConclusionThe TyG index is not an effective predictive factor for adverse cardiovascular prognosis in nondiabetic patients who underwent PCI. However, in subjects with LDL-C lower than 1.8mmol/L, it may predict future cardiovascular risk.
Highlights
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, coronary artery disease (CAD), are the main cause of death [1], which leads to a large social and economic burden
Many researchers have previously explored the relevance between this index and poor prognosis in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) or acute coronary syndrome (ACS), especially in patients with myocardial infarction [13,14,15,16], but few studies have focused on its predictive value for poor outcomes in nondiabetic patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
A total of 5,489 nondiabetic subjects were selected for the present study. Their average age was 57.20 ± 10.22 years old, 4,358 (79.4%) patients were male, overweight or obese patients accounted for 22.3%, 3,324 (60.6%) patients had a hypertension history, 3,482 (63.4%) patients were diagnosed with hyperlipemia, 3,221 (58.7%) subjects were current smokers, and 1,354 (24.7%) subjects had previously undergone PCI or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
Summary
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, coronary artery disease (CAD), are the main cause of death [1], which leads to a large social and economic burden. Many researchers have previously explored the relevance between this index and poor prognosis in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) or acute coronary syndrome (ACS), especially in patients with myocardial infarction [13,14,15,16], but few studies have focused on its predictive value for poor outcomes in nondiabetic patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We carried out this study to assess the correlation between the TyG index and adverse cardiovascular prognosis in nondiabetic participants who accepted PCI treatment. For nondiabetic patients, whether the TyG index is independently related to poor prognosis remains unclear. This cohort study assessed the association of the TyG index with future cardiovascular risk in nondiabetic subjects who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
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