Abstract
The publication of the Law 10,267 of 08/28/2001 changed the paradigm of rural registration in Brazil, because this law known as the "Law of Georeferencing" has created the National Registration of Rural Property, that unifies in a common basis different registrations present in several government agencies, such as the National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA), the Secretariat of Federal Revenue, the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Natural Resources, and the National Indian Foundation. Also, this new registration system has a graphical component which has not existed until such date, where the boundaries of rural property are georeferenced to the Brazilian Geodetic System. This new paradigm has resulted in a standardization of the survey and its representation of rural properties according to the Technical Standard for Georeferencing of Rural Properties, published by INCRA in compliance with the new legislation. Due to the georeferencing, the creation of a public GIS of free access on the Internet was possible. Among the difficulties found it may be observed the great Brazilian territory, the need for specialized professionals, and especially the certification process that INCRA has to perform for each georeferenced property. It is hoped that this last difficulty is solved with the implementation of the Land Management System that will allow automated and online certification, making the process more transparent, agile and fast.
Highlights
The National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA) created by the Decree 110 of 07/09/1970 is a Brazilian federal agency whose mission is to implement the land reform policy, conducting national land planning in order to contribute to the sustainable development of Brazil rural areas
The National Rural Registration System (NRRS) is responsible for the emission of the Certificate of Registration of Rural Property (CRRP), a document required to dismember, lease, mortgage, sell or pledge rural property for sale and for approval of amicable or judicial sharing, as the paragraphs 1 and 2 of article 22 of Law 4,947 of 04/06/1966, amended by Article 1 of Law 10,267 of 08/28/2001
The Law of Georeferencing provided a great technical advance of Brazilian rural registration, especially in relation to the graphical component of registration, i.e. requiring the mapping of rural properties within a strict rule which imposes a standard of quality consistent with current geotechnology
Summary
In the case of NRRS, the graphic part would be required only in case of modification of the registration by area grinding; in this case the plant and the descriptive history of rural property should be provided This context has changed with the publication of the Law 10,267 of 08/28/2001, being the publication of this law what generated the change in the paradigm of Brazilian rural registration. This law created the National Registration of Rural Property (NRRP), which proposes the unification in a common basis of different registers present in several government agencies such as the Secretariat of Federal Revenue (SRF), the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Natural Resources (IBAMA), the National Indian Foundation (FUNAI) and NRRS. The aim of this study is to present the new paradigm that is being implemented in the Brazilian rural registration system, discuss some impacts that this new system will cause or is already causing within the Brazilian agrarian reality and their respective viability
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