Abstract
The systems using solar energy, popular in Poland, can be used to supply hot water for the installation used by employees of industrial halls. In manufacturing plants, employing a large number of people, the demand for hot water is practically constant throughout the year and is characterized by periodic use at the end of each work shift. Dynamics of the hot water consumption depends on the number of shifts as well as working days and holidays. Additionally the maximum hot tap water demand occurs in the whole period of installation operation. In polish climatic conditions the solar collectors’ systems have the largest capacity in the summer, while in winter they need to be assisted. Beside that the supply of renewable energy is uneven and depends on weather conditions. In the paper the one-hour step analysis concerning the dependence of the load pattern of the hot tap water preparation system on the energy yield from solar collectors had been performed.
Highlights
Systems using renewable energy sources are the most promising solution to cope with increasing cost of energy production, global warming and pollutant emissions
The f-chart analysis results are compared to the one-hour step analysis results for three various hot tap water load patterns depending on the number of work shifts
The analysis of the influence of the hot tap water load pattern on the energy yield from solar collectors carried out in the paper concerns the systems applied in industrial halls
Summary
Systems using renewable energy sources are the most promising solution to cope with increasing cost of energy production, global warming and pollutant emissions. In Poland solar collectors’ manufacturing sector is the best developed one among RES (renewable energy sources), producing both for export and internal market. According to the International Energy Agency, in 2013 Poland was in 8th place in the world ranking of 57 leading countries in installing solar collectors and 3rd in Europe in terms of solar installations sales with the share of 9%. In year 2014 Polish market was in 4th place in Europe in solar collector sales [2, 3] This has pushed investors, especially those investing in large cube halls, where the demand for energy is exceptionally high (figure 1 [4]), towards using this kind of RES. Indicators of the primary energy use indicators given in figure 1 [4] concern the level of the non-renewable energy (contained in sources), which is necessary for covering the heat demand for heating, ventilation and hot water production
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