Abstract
One of the reasons of the reduction of agricultural land is the degradation of soil processes. The main negative processes occurring in soils and leading to their degradation are erosion (water and wind), reduction of humus content in the soil. A significant spread of negative processes developing due to the action of natural and anthropogenic factors leads to a critical decrease in soil fertility. By washing away the upper fertile soil layer and the formation of large gullies due to improper tillage, soil erosion is formed. In order to prevent soil erosion, it is necessary to take measures to prevent an increase in the area of degraded land. The article considers the impact of negative processes, such as water and wind erosion, salinization, overwetting, flooding and waterlogging of soils, etc. on the land fund.
Highlights
Rational and efficient use of main means of agricultural production – agricultural land is an important factor in ensuring food security of the Russian Federation
In 2019, the area of agricultural land was studied for negative processes amounted to 12,773. 25 thousand hectares
Agricultural lands subject to wind erosion amounted to 1643.74 thousand hectares (12.9 % of the studied area), subject to water erosion-2467.89 thousand hectares (19.3 % of the studied area), salinization -277.51 thousand hectares (2.2 % of the studied area), waterlogging-849.76 thousand hectares (6.7 % of the studied area) [9, 10]
Summary
Rational and efficient use of main means of agricultural production – agricultural land is an important factor in ensuring food security of the Russian Federation. One of them is an increase in the share of degraded land and a decrease in the fertility of agricultural land due to their irrational use in agriculture
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