Abstract
A possible strategy to mitigate the effects of flooding from an area identified as having high runoff potential will reduce the volumes of water that overflow the drainage area and build a system of a storage location in the coastal city of Tangier. The study is based on two main axes: (i) the extreme flow frequency analysis, using eight probability laws adjusted by the Maximum Likelihood method, and (ii) the estimation of the flood outflows at the dam outlet using the routing method in order to assess the effect of detention dams on water flood. Annual (Maximum) series based flood sampling procedure is adopted for constructing the Flood Frequency analysis. A numerical comparison of AIC criteria and BIC has allowed a proceeding to the selection of the most fitted law distributions. The result shows that the Gumbel law is best adapted to the predetermination of the extreme flow estimation in the Mghogha watershed for different return periods. The reservoir routing method along with rainfall-runoff processes were applied by the mean of the HEC-HMS model. The model was run under two different scenarios. Scenario 1 simulates the Mghogha basin with the absence of the reservoir. Meanwhile, scenario 2 simulates the same basin by taking into account the existence of the Ain Mechlawa reservoir within different return periods of from 2 to 200 years. Peak discharges downstream have been dramatically attenuated and water volumes have been decreased with the prolongation of the return period. For the 100 and 200 return periods, the peak discharge of flood reduction for scenario 1 and scenario 2 were 52.06 and 52.17 %, respectively, and for the flood volume was 22.46 and 22.82% respectively. Finally, the results of investigations showed a good performance of the model in the estimation of outflow peak discharge of the Ain Mechlawa Dam. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091658 Full Text: PDF
Highlights
Floods occurring in hilly urban areas caused by heavy storm events are known for their violence and brutality and can be significant
In an ungauged catchment such as Mghogha basin, Soil Conservation Service (SCS) Unit Hydrograph (SCS UH) method was applied for the rainfall-runoff transformation computation, while SCS Curve Number method was used to define the loss infiltration method
Basin parameters such as initial abstraction, the lag time and curve number (CN) were generated by the mean of ArcMap and were introduced as the main input parameters of the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Hydrological Modelling System (HEC-HMS) model
Summary
Floods occurring in hilly urban areas caused by heavy storm events are known for their violence and brutality and can be significant This type of flood requires a response at both national and regional scales. 24 hours rain may lead to flash floods in an urban basin such as Mghogha basin If such extreme events occur, the control of such floods will be difficult to manage even with the existing hydraulic structures (Bridges, concrete canals, culverts, etc.) [3]. To improve regional flood-risk forecasting, a variety of attenuation processes can be applied to reduce the flooding risk impact Such mitigation measures include flood forecasting and warning, adopting proper rainfall-runoff and hydraulic modelling, and flood warning management [4]. One of the most widely used Rainfall-Runoff models of the flood prediction is the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Hydrological Modelling System (HEC-HMS) [5]
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