Abstract
Municipal waste treatment is inherently associated with odour emissions. The compounds characteristic of the processes used for this purpose, and at the same time causing a negative olfactory sensation, are organic and inorganic sulphur and nitrogen compounds. The tests were carried out at the waste management plant, which in the biological part, uses the methane fermentation process and is also equipped with an installation for the collection, treatment, and energetic use of biogas. The tests include measurements of the four odorant concentrations and emissions, i.e., volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), and methanethiol (CH3SH). Measurements were made using a MultiRae Pro portable gas detector sensor. The tests were carried out in ten series for twenty measurement points in each series. The results show a significant impact of technological processes on odorant emissions. The types of waste going to the plant are also important in shaping this emission. On the one hand, it relates to the waste collection system and, on the other hand, the season of year. In addition, it has been proved that the detector used during the research is a valuable tool enabling the control of technological processes in municipal waste processing plants.
Highlights
The use of fossil fuels, as well as the impact of greenhouse gases on the environment, have helped to initiate research related to the production of alternative fuels
This is consistent with the high concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) observed at the place where mixed municipal waste was stored b
The results of several months of research conducted at a biogas plant processing municipal waste in Poland have been presented
Summary
The use of fossil fuels, as well as the impact of greenhouse gases on the environment, have helped to initiate research related to the production of alternative fuels. In Europe and the world, there is an increase in greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere, the main source of which is carbon dioxide (CO2). Over 80% of global energy demand is covered by fossil fuels [1]. Biogas as a renewable energy source can replace conventional fuels to produce heat and electricity and can be used as gas fuel in the automotive industry. Research carried out so far indicates that biogas produced in the methane fermentation process provides significant benefits compared to other forms of bioenergy, because this technology is characterized by energy efficiency and environmental friendliness [2,3]
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