The Impact of Tax Benefits and Preferences on the Territorial Development of Russia: a Regional Aspect

Abstract

Relevance. The formation of a rational spatial organization of the economy of the country and its regions is the most important function of any state, associated with its self-preservation and sustainable socio-economic development. As tools to stimulate territorial development, the state uses tax and customs benefits and preferences, creates more comfortable conditions for the development and operation of business in certain areas of the country.The introduction of various tax incentives is an effective tool for ensuring the development of the economy and society, however, like most economic categories, tax preferences have a dual nature: if the existence of a tax expense is inefficient, then this reduces the overall well-being due to the appearance of falling budget revenues.Purpose. The main purpose of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of preferential taxation as a tool for socio-economic stimulation of the country's territories.It is concluded that the established tax and customs benefits in the special territories of the Russian Federation contribute to the growth in the production of goods and services, the growth of investments, the increase in the number of jobs, but at the same time create tax risks.Objectives. The following tasks are solved in the article: measures of tax and customs support for territories with a special status in the Russian Federation are reflected; the performance of the SEZ for 2017-2021 was assessed; tax expenses incurred.Methodology. The methodological base of the study is based on a set of methods of economic research, united by a systematic approach to the study of this problem.Results. The article presents the results of assessing the impact of tax benefits and preferences on the socioeconomic development of special territories of Russia, and identifies the most significant risks for the state from the consequences of preferential taxation.Conclusions. Tax incentives must be considered as the tax costs incurred by the state and possible tax risks. In order to reduce tax risks, in our opinion, it is necessary to establish tighter control by the state over the amounts released as a result of the provision of tax benefits and preferences.