The Impact of some Climatic Variables on the Iraqi Agricultural Output Duration of 1990-2021

Abstract

Water scarcity, high temperatures, and a lack of resources necessary to achieve sustainable balance in the agricultural sector all pose clear threats to food security in Iraq, which are exacerbated by climatic conditions. During the years 1990-2021, the climate in Iraq played a variety of effects in determining the country’s agricultural output. Time series data and several climate factors were utilized to assess their effect on agricultural output in Iraq over the specified time frame, and the research hypothesis was confirmed using the Dickie-Fuller test and the unit root test, respectively. least squares method, which provides the most accurate unbiased linear estimates, and stability via an expanded test for determining whether or not a time series is stationary using the program E-viewst12. It was determined that a number of factors, including a decline in Iraq’s agricultural land area due to a lack of dams, the drying up of secondary rivers, and the expansion of desertified areas due to high temperatures and salinity, contributed to these effects. Negative effects on farm productivity. Important suggestions include developing a plan to deal with climate change, increasing the importance of agricultural technology in this context, creating new varieties of high-yielding crops that can thrive in the climate of Iraq, and increasing agricultural output through the use of fertilizers and mechanized farming techniques.