Abstract
Social jetlag (SJL) refers to an asynchrony between one’s chronotype and social working hours, which can be detrimental to health. The current SJL situation in shift nurses who work in dysregulation is poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate SJL during night shifts and identify the predictors of sleep quality in rotating shift nurses. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 on a sample of 132 shift-working nurses from two general hospitals in South Korea (the response rate was 88.8%). The SJL was measured with the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, and sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Verran and Snyder–Halpern Sleep Scale. Data analysis was mainly based on a multiple regression, to identify SJL’s influence on nurses’ sleep quality. The average SJL during night shifts was 2 h and 3 min, and the average sleep duration during night shifts was 6 h 10 min. Multiple regression analysis revealed that SJL, day-shift fatigue, and sleep quality during night shifts affected nurses’ sleep quality. These variables accounted for 24.7% of the variance in overall sleep quality. The study concluded that overall sleep quality can increase with decreasing day-shift fatigue, decreasing SJL, and increasing sleep quality on night shifts.
Highlights
While chronotypes were not correlated with overall sleep quality and sleep quality during night shifts, Social jetlag (SJL) had a mild negative correlation with overall sleep quality, suggesting that overall sleep quality deteriorated with increasing SJL, which is consistent with past findings [21]
The mean sleep quality during night shifts, measured using the Verran and Snyder-Halpern (VSH) Sleep Scale, was 38.40, which is similar to that reported by a previous study on nurses who work 2–3 consecutive night shifts with an average of 6–7 night shifts a month [41], and these results show that subjective sleep quality is reduced during night shifts
We investigated the relationship between chronotypes, SJL, and sleep quality during night shifts to identify the predictors of sleep quality in rotating shift nurses
Summary
It may reduce effective performance [1] and increase the incidence of occupational accidents and injuries, coronary heart disease, strokes, type 2 diabetes, cancer, obesity, depression, and all-cause mortality [2,3]. A prospective study of nurses reported that nurses who had worked shifts for more than 20 years had poorer cognitive functioning than nurses without shift work experience [6]. Previous studies have reported that nurses working shifts show signs of serious deterioration in sleep quality, as evidenced by the fact that 63% of nurses working shifts score beyond the cutoff for sleep disorders [11], and that approximately half to two-thirds of nurses working shifts experience poor sleep quality [12,13]. The consequent accumulation of sleep deprivation may hinder concentration and cause sleepiness during work hours [14]
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