Abstract
SUMMARY Social forestry in India concentrates on creating new firewood resources in rural areas and the planting of trees wherever possible to mitigate floods and the erosion of soil by wind, as well as increasing the supply of small timber and fodder and improving the environment in general. There are detailed analyses of the economic benefits of examples of the three main components of social forestry: farm forestry on private land; rural forestry on communal land; and urban forestry along streets and roads and in the compounds of houses, colleges and factories. The pioneering social forestry programmes of Gujarat state are described, and the difficulties of protecting trees planted on communal land are discussed.
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