Abstract
The review aimed at assessing the osteopromotive potential as well as soft tissue and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage healing properties of simvastatin by summarizing its efficacy on the current dental treatment of periodontal bone and soft tissue defects, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis from the available animals and human studies. An electronic search was performed on MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) using a combination of keywords. A hand search was undertaken on seven oral surgery journals. No limitation of publication year in the English language was placed. Controlled randomized animal and human clinical trials, as well as prospective comparative studies, were included. Data on the comparison of topical/systemic simvastatin on bone healing in intrabony and furcation defects, extraction sockets, distraction osteogenesis, as well as soft tissue healing in mucogingival grafting procedures and cartilage protection in TMJ arthritis were extracted from all the eligible studies. Studies with a minimum of ten participants and follow up at least 6 months were included. Ten animal studies and six clinical studies were included in this study. All the animal studies included a minimum of eight sites per group assessed clinically, histologically, and radiographically. All human studies included clinical and radiological evaluation. The results of the review show that simvastatin administration displays positive treatment outcomes in the full range of therapies investigated in the oral regions such as periodontal infection control, periodontal and alveolar bone regeneration, soft tissue grafting, TMJ inflammation reduction, and cartilage repair. Its mechanism includes stimulating bone formation, promoting soft tissue healing, increasing articular and condylar cartilage thickness, as well as reducing inflammation at surgical sites in TMJ disorders. Simvastatin administration is beneficial to the healing of oral bone and cartilage. More studies are desired to determine its potential in soft tissue healing.
Highlights
Unlike any other type of tissue, bone and cartilage have a complex morphology and exhibit very limited inherent self-repair potentials
We summarized the approaches and findings of these works in this paper and found that simvastatin administration displays positive treatment outcomes in the full range of therapies investigated in the oral regions such as periodontal infection control, periodontal and alveolar bone regeneration, soft tissue grafting, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation reduction, and cartilage repair
We want to summarize the application of simvastatin in the scope of dental treatments including periodontal regeneration, bone grafting in tooth extraction sockets, distraction osteogenesis, soft tissue healing after mucogingival grafting, and TMJ arthritis therapy
Summary
Unlike any other type of tissue, bone and cartilage have a complex morphology and exhibit very limited inherent self-repair potentials. Simvastatin was found to inhibit bone resorption by reducing expression of TRAP and cathepsin K, preventing the fusion of osteoclast precursors, and decreasing the number of active osteoclasts [9]. Due to those new findings, the dental clinicians investigate how to reposition this drug to treat alveolar bone, oral soft tissue, and TMJ cartilage defects. We summarized the approaches and findings of these works in this paper and found that simvastatin administration displays positive treatment outcomes in the full range of therapies investigated in the oral regions such as periodontal infection control, periodontal and alveolar bone regeneration, soft tissue grafting, TMJ inflammation reduction, and cartilage repair
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
