The Impact of sedimentation of mud, sand and rubbish on sustainability of the Asahan River, North Sumatera

Abstract

The Asahan River, burdened by thick sedimentation, severely impacts the socio-economic fabric of Asahan Regency and Tanjungbalai. Shallow waters disrupt community life, particularly for fishermen, while the river’s estuary facilitates smuggling due to inadequate police and navy patrols. This study investigates the extensive social, economic, and environmental consequences of sedimentation on riverside communities and assesses its toll on economic activities at Teluk Nibung Port and Bagan Asahan Harbor.Conducted in four phases, the research involves data collection from local governments, a physical examination of the river, surveys and interviews with farmers and fishermen, and a Focus Group Discussion with community leaders. Findings highlight adverse effects on socio-economic life, including annual floods and a shift in livelihoods for some fishermen. Escalating rainfall trends over the past decades signal increased flood risks. Port activities show a decline, projected to cease within five years if unaddressed. Proposing dredging as a solution, the study advocates for restoring the economic conditions of Asahan Regency and Tanjungbalai while concurrently revitalizing the river’s ecosystem. The cost of flood mitigation underscores the urgency of intervention.