Abstract
PurposeOsteoporosis combined with sarcopenia contributes to a high risk of falling, fracture, and even mortality. However, sarcopenia’s impact on low back pain and quality of life (QOL) in patients with osteoporosis is still unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate low back pain and QOL in osteoporosis patients with sarcopenia.MethodsWe assessed 100 ambulatory patients who came to our hospital for osteoporosis treatment. Low back pain was evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) with 100 being an extreme amount of pain and 0 no pain. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) score was used to assess QOL after adjustment for age, history of vertebral fracture, and adult spinal deformity. Differences in low back pain intensity assessed by VAS between groups were evaluated by the Willcoxon rank-sum test. Covariance analysis was used to assess QOL. All data are expressed as either median, interquartile range, or average, standard error.ResultsPatients were classified into the sarcopenia group (n = 32) and the non-sarcopenia group (n = 68). Low back pain intensity assessed by VAS was significantly higher in the sarcopenia group than in the non-sarcopenia group (33.0 [0-46.6] vs. 8.5 [0-40.0]; p < 0.05). The subscales of the JOABPEQ for low back pain were significantly lower in the sarcopenia group than in the non-sarcopenia group (65.0 ± 4.63 vs. 84.0 ± 3.1; p < 0.05).ConclusionIn this cross-sectional study, sarcopenia affected low back pain and QOL in ambulatory patients with osteoporosis. Sarcopenia may exacerbate low back pain and QOL.
Highlights
Muscle mass has been observed to decrease with age at a rate of approximately 1% annually after age 40 [1]
Isometric knee extension strength and Evaluation of Pain bone mineral density (BMD), and isometric knee extension torque were significantly lower in the sarcopenia group than in the nonsarcopenia group ((BMD (g/cm2):0.50 [0.42-0.56] vs. 0.56 [0.50-0.64]; p = 0.0079, isometric knee extension strength: 11.7 [6.4-15.8] vs. 17.1 [13.1-21.5]; p < 0.0001))
There was no significant difference in Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain from buttocks to lower limbs and numbness from buttocks to lower limbs(Pain from buttocks to lower limbs assessed by VAS:0 [0-0] vs. 0 [0-3.0]; 0.5409, Numbness of buttocks to lower limbs assessed by VAS: 0 [0-0] vs. 0 [0-0]; p = 0.8124)
Summary
Muscle mass has been observed to decrease with age at a rate of approximately 1% annually after age 40 [1]. Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that occurs with advancing age [2]. Osteoporosis is defined as a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength leading to an increased risk of fracture [3]. Both sarcopenia and osteoporosis are geriatric diseases that decrease activity in daily living, and are. Aging and decline of physical activity lead to decreased QOL. Spinal misalignment induced by loss of skeletal muscle mass and vertebral fracture leads to decreased QOL [6, 7]. Increased thoracic kyphosis leads to decreased QOL in patients with
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