Abstract

PurposeRevascularization aims to improve myocardial perfusion. However, changes in regional artery-specific quantitative perfusion after revascularization have not been systematically investigated. It is unclear whether artery-specific thresholds for coronary flow capacity (CFC) and/or relative perfusion predict improved stress perfusion after revascularization. We sought to determine the impact of revascularization based on predefined, artery-specific, severity size thresholds for CFC and/or relative perfusion defects.MethodsFifty patients underwent PET imaging before revascularization and then prospectively within 90 days after revascularization. Changes in regional myocardial blood flow (MBF) were stratified based on baseline perfusion abnormalities, baseline reduced CFC, and whether revascularization was performed in that region.ResultsFollowing angiographic stenosis-directed revascularization, in regions with relative perfusion abnormalities and decreased CFC, stress MBF (sMBF) increased by 0.51 cm3/min/g (59%) from baseline (p < 0.001). In regions without baseline perfusion abnormalities and yet decreased CFC, sMBF increased by 0.35 cm3/min/g (40%) from baseline (p < 0.001). In regions without perfusion abnormalities and normal CFC, sMBF did not increase significantly (+0.07 cm3/min/g, p = 0.56). Patients in whom revascularization was concordant with abnormal PET findings showed increased whole-heart sMBF (+0.22 cm3/min/g, p < 0.001), but in patients in whom revascularization was targeted only to regions without perfusion abnormalities or low CFC, sMBF did not change significantly (−0.06 cm3/min/g, p = 0.38).ConclusionRevascularization targeted to regions with reduced CFC and relative perfusion abnormalities on baseline PET yielded significant improvements in sMBF. When revascularization was performed in regions without reduced CFC, sMBF did not improve.

Highlights

  • In stable coronary artery disease (CAD), revascularization by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary arteryEur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging (2019) 46:1226–1239 bypass grafting (CABG) aims to improve myocardial perfusion for symptom relief or to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and death, randomized trials indicate that the latter goals have not been realized as summarized in the American College of Cardiology guidelines [1]

  • We tested the hypothesis that the severity of artery-specific quantitative perfusion or relative stress abnormalities could predict stress myocardial blood flow (MBF) after revascularization using arteryspecific, predefined, severity size thresholds for coronary flow capacity (CFC) or relative perfusion defect

  • We considered that proving or negating this hypothesis might provide an insight into why randomized trials such as [4, 5] and [6] failed to show that revascularization reduces the risk of MI or death in patients with stable CAD by indicating the mechanism by which revascularization improves or does not improve myocardial perfusion

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Summary

Introduction

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging (2019) 46:1226–1239 bypass grafting (CABG) aims to improve myocardial perfusion for symptom relief or to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and death, randomized trials indicate that the latter goals have not been realized as summarized in the American College of Cardiology guidelines [1]. Despite this aim, regional artery-specific quantitative myocardial perfusion after revascularization in relation to its severity before revascularization has not been systematically investigated.

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