Abstract
Fabricating the nanowire ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV LEDs) has been a promising candidate to dramatically enhance the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of UV LEDs. For a great luminescent performance, it is necessary to understand the propagating features of light inside the nanowire. The relationship between the resonance inside the nanowire, the light extraction efficiency (LEE) and the far-field distribution of nanowire UV LEDs, as well as the geometrical parameters of the nanowire and the impact of surrounding index has been discussed in this paper. It is shown that the resonance plays an important role to enhance the LEE at various parameters. The study on the far-field distribution indicates that the variation of far-field patterns at different conditions can be conveniently explained by the geometrical optics theory. This deep understanding provides benefits to design the nanowire UV LEDs.
Highlights
In order to enhance the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV LEDs), fabricating nanowire UV LEDs has been attracted many attentions due to its great advantages such as nearly with no defects, efficient Mg-dopant incorporation, large surface area for light extraction and so on [1]–[3]
The relationship between the resonance inside the nanowire, the light extraction efficiency (LEE) and the far-field distribution of nanowire UV LEDs, as well as the geometrical parameters of the nanowire and the impact of surrounding index has been discussed in this paper
The light extraction efficiency (LEE) of nanowire UV LEDs is limited by the transverse magnetic (TM) polarization of the emitted light which propagates in the horizontal direction [10], [11]
Summary
In order to enhance the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV LEDs), fabricating nanowire UV LEDs has been attracted many attentions due to its great advantages such as nearly with no defects, efficient Mg-dopant incorporation, large surface area for light extraction and so on [1]–[3]. The light extraction efficiency (LEE) of nanowire UV LEDs is limited by the transverse magnetic (TM) polarization of the emitted light which propagates in the horizontal direction [10], [11]. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is one of the efficient approaches to simulate the optical properties of the nanowire UV LEDs. For example, Yu Kee Ooi et al analyzed the impacts of polarization of source on the light extraction for 230 nm nanowire LEDs [12]. The variation of the far-field distribution can be well explained by the geometrical optics theory
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