Abstract
The pulse charging algorithm is seen as a promising battery charging technique to satisfy the needs of electronic device consumers to have fast charging and increased battery charge and energy efficiencies. However, to get the benefits of pulse charging, the pulse charge current parameters have to be chosen carefully to ensure optimal battery performance and also extend the life cycle of the battery. The impact of pulse charge current factors on the life cycle and battery characteristics are seldom investigated. This paper seeks to evaluate the impact of pulse charge current factors, such as frequency and duty cycle, on the life cycle and impedance parameters of lithium-ion polymer batteries (LiPo) while using a design of experiments approach, Taguchi orthogonal arrays. The results are compared with the benchmark constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging algorithm and it is observed that by using a pulse charger at optimal parameters, the cycle life of a LiPo battery can be increased by as much as 100 cycles. It is also determined that the duty cycle of the pulse charge current has the most impact on the cycle life of the battery. The battery impedance characteristics were also examined by using non-destructive techniques, such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and it was determined that the ambient temperature at which the battery was charged had the most effect on the battery impedance parameters.
Highlights
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have continued to increase their market share in the rechargeable battery market over the past few years [1,2]
New 600 mAh 3.7 V Lithium-ion polymer (LiPo) batteries were first characterized at 0% state of charge (SoC) by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
Battery impedance characteristics were measured by performing an EIS using a Versastat Potentiostat [51] and the Nyquist plots analyzed by using the Simplex method [52] for curve fitting to obtain battery impedance parameters
Summary
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have continued to increase their market share in the rechargeable battery market over the past few years [1,2]. They are projected to overtake the lead-acid battery market share by 2024 [3] This is primarily driven by their superior qualities of high energy density, low self-discharge, and lack of memory effect [4]. Lithium-ion polymer (LiPo) batteries are analogous to their Li-ion counterparts, except for the use of a gel-like, polymer electrolyte, which serves to improve ion mobility [5]. They are commonly packaged in a pouch format that allows for the LiPo battery to be molded into many conformable form factors. Pulse charging charging involves involvesusing usingcarefully carefullyselected selectedand andcontrolled controlledcharge chargecurrent currentpulses pulses charge
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