Abstract
Post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PTE) is considered as one of the most serious complications after open globe injuries (OGIs), especially in children. Poor prognosis of this disease can lead to a variety of socioeconomic problems. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of pediatric OGIs and the factors associated with the development of PTE in China. 131 patients under 14 years old and needed hospitalization for management of OGIs were enrolled. There were 90 males and 41 females. 44 patients were left-behind children, the majority were 3–6 years old (n = 71, 71/131, 54.2%) and living in rural area (n = 106, 106/131, 80.9%). After injury, 82 patients received primary repair within 24 h, with the remaining 49 patients receiving primary repair after 24 h. Eventually, there were 28 (28/131, 21.4%) patients presented with PTE. In those 49 patients, the frequency of PTE achieving 32.7% (16/49). Univariate analysis showed that the timing of primary repair is significantly associated with the development of PTE (p < 0.05). Moreover, left-behind children took higher risks in having delayed treatment that over 24 h after OGIs (OR = 2.466, 95% CI: 1.16–5.26). Reducing the time before primary repair is a useful strategy to prevent the development of PTE. Special supervision is needed for pre-school-aged boys living in rural areas, especially for left-behind children.
Highlights
Open globe injuries (OGIs) refer to injuries with at least one full thickness wound of the globe, which are considered the most common cause of preventable monocular blindness [1]
The poor prognosis of OGIs in children leads to a variety of socioeconomic problems, and this may be devastating in children
We aimed to identify the characteristics of pediatric OGIs and the risk factors of Post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PTE) in pediatric groups in China
Summary
Open globe injuries (OGIs) refer to injuries with at least one full thickness wound of the globe, which are considered the most common cause of preventable monocular blindness [1]. The incidence of OGIs in children has been reported to be 3.8/100,000 in the United States [2], accounting for. Psychosocial development may be affected in many children that suffer from visual impairments [5]. Post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PTE) is considered as one of the most serious complications after. Advanced antibiotics and treatment techniques currently exist, children diagnosed with PTE were generally reported to have a poor outcome [8]. Some risk factors were reported to be associated with the development of PTE, such as the delayed timing of primary repair, a large wound size, a retained intraocular foreign body, the location of the wound, a rural location, the female gender, and an age greater than 50 years old [9]
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