Abstract
For this study, carried out as an empirical study, 37 landlocked countries have been selected. And a broader economic impact on the national economy, on the quality of the port infrastructure and logistics efficiency has been considered as well as investments on creating a high quality port infrastructure and its contribution to the economy, often questioned by politicians, investors and general public. The Structural Equation Model (SEM) has been used for providing empirical data about a significant economic impact on the port infrastructure quality and logistics efficiency. However, some countries that do not have access to the sea are not, according to international agreements, inferior to other countries in terms of economic growth.
Highlights
Nowadays, economy is not stable and the majority of countries, especially the landlocked ones, have suffered because of inflation
To consider the importance of the port infrastructure quality and logistics efficiency, this study addresses the following research questions: Does the quality of port infrastructure affect the efficiency of logistics? Whether positive or negative on the country’s economy? Does the influence differ between developed and developing countries? To answer the questions, a structural equation model (SEM) has been developed to analyze how the port infrastructure and logistics efficiency in a country affect a country’s economy [57]
While 15 countries with transit economy are located in the distance more than 1,000 km from the major markets of Western Europe, Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic are located in the center of Europe and, are conveniently located for trade in goods and services
Summary
Economy is not stable and the majority of countries, especially the landlocked ones, have suffered because of inflation. Lack of an access to the sea is one of the main reasons why 16 out of the 37 countries, surrounded on all sides by land, are among the poorest countries in the world.Road conditions are not the main reason for low efficiency and expensiveness of transportation This means that effective infrastructure is not able to solve all issues. It is important to note delays of cargo at the border, the prevalence of cartels in the field of road transport many different customs control procedures and bribery. All these problems support transportation costs on an artificially high level
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