Abstract
BackgroundObstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is tightly linked to some components of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). However, most of the evidence evaluated individual components of the MetS or patients with a diagnosis of OSA that were referred for sleep studies due to sleep complaints. Therefore, it is not clear whether OSA exacerbates the metabolic abnormalities in a representative sample of patients with MetS.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe studied 152 consecutive patients (age 48±9 years, body mass index 32.3±3.4 Kg/m2) newly diagnosed with MetS (Adult Treatment Panel III). All participants underwent standard polysomnography irrespective of sleep complaints, and laboratory measurements (glucose, lipid profile, uric acid and C-reactive protein). The prevalence of OSA (apnea-hypopnea index ≥15 events per hour of sleep) was 60.5%. Patients with OSA exhibited significantly higher levels of blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, cholesterol/HDL ratio, triglycerides/HDL ratio, uric acid and C-reactive protein than patients without OSA. OSA was independently associated with 2 MetS criteria: triglycerides: OR: 3.26 (1.47–7.21) and glucose: OR: 2.31 (1.12–4.80). OSA was also independently associated with increased cholesterol/HDL ratio: OR: 2.38 (1.08–5.24), uric acid: OR: 4.19 (1.70–10.35) and C-reactive protein: OR: 6.10 (2.64–14.11). Indices of sleep apnea severity, apnea-hypopnea index and minimum oxygen saturation, were independently associated with increased levels of triglycerides, glucose as well as cholesterol/HDL ratio, uric acid and C-reactive protein. Excessive daytime sleepiness had no effect on the metabolic and inflammatory parameters.Conclusions/SignificanceUnrecognized OSA is common in consecutive patients with MetS. OSA may contribute to metabolic dysregulation and systemic inflammation in patients with MetS, regardless of symptoms of daytime sleepiness.
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) constitutes a clustering of metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities including central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and increased blood pressure in the same individual [1]
Forty participants (26.3%) were involved in the previous study evaluating the impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) on markers of atherosclerosis in consecutive patients with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) [28]
The present study showed that, in consecutive patients with MetS, unrecognized OSA is common and independently associated with biomarkers of metabolic dysfunction and systemic inflammation
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) constitutes a clustering of metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities including central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and increased blood pressure in the same individual [1]. The prevalence and impact of OSA in consecutive patients with MetS have not been adequately explored It is not certain whether the overlap between OSA and MetS is a result of underlying obesity, or if OSA represents an additional burden that exacerbates metabolic dysfunction and systemic inflammation in patients with MetS. Most of the evidence evaluated individual components of the MetS or patients with a diagnosis of OSA that were referred for sleep studies due to sleep complaints.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
