The impact of NUMB on chicken abdominal adipogenesis: A comprehensive analysis

Abstract

Excessive abdominal fat deposition negatively impacts poultry meat production and carcass yield. Identification of novel adipogenesis regulators may help improve production performance declines caused by excessive fat deposition. NUMB Endocytic Adaptor Protein (NUMB) typically functions as a cell fate determinant and plays a significant role in cell development and various diseases. Here, we found that NUMB is abundantly expressed in chicken abdominal fat depots and is induced in cultured adipocytes following adipogenic treatment. The gain- and loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that NUMB promotes the proliferation and G1/S transition of chicken adipocytes, enhances adipocyte differentiation, and increases the expression of PPARγ1 transcript. Through mRNA-seq analysis and molecular experiments, we further confirmed that NUMB inhibits the transcriptional activation of the NOTCH1 pathway and the expression of the downstream transcription factor HES1 by inducing NOTCH1 degradation. Nevertheless, the inhibition of the NOTCH1/HES1 axis alone cannot fully explain NUMB's role in adipogenesis, as NUMB also regulates the expression of multiple adipogenic transcription factors such as E2F1, EGR2, and NR4A3. Our data suggest that NUMB is a potent activator of adipogenesis and enhances our understanding of its regulatory mechanisms in chicken abdominal fat deposition.