The Impact of Nanotechnology on Lithium-Ion Battery Used in Electric Vehicles

Abstract

The global environment has already been polluted by the traditional fuel vehicles and become more and more serious. In this situation, the electric vehicles (EVs) came to the attention of the worldwide people. In recent years, the electric vehicles have developed rapidly. As a result, the components of the electric vehicles were logically achieved great success, particularly the rechargeable lithium-ion battery. Fortunately, the nanotechnology, at the same time, made a great deal of huge achievements and appeared in numerous fields. Nanotechnology obviously plays a critical role in the field of lithium-ion battery and nearly all elements of lithium-ion battery are changed to varying degrees. The performances of lithium-ion are becoming more suitable for commercial production, such as higher power and energy density, lower price, better stability and increased capacity. The recent and advanced developments of different kinds of welcomed anode materials, graphite, nanostructural silicon, lithium titanate and titanium dioxide, and cathode materials, lithium cobalt oxide, LiFePO4, lithium manganese oxide, nickel-rich cathode, and solid electrolyte nanomaterials, are discussed and emphasized with the advantages and disadvantages, limitations, methods for improving and future development. The modification caused by nanotechnology truly can improve the performance of the lithium-ion battery. Lots of further researches that is changing the traditional materials into nanoscale or adding nanomaterials will be processed in the purpose of finding the most practical lithium-ion battery used in electric vehicles.