Abstract
The body’s immunity can be increased by physical exercise. High-intensity physical exercise (HIPE) can disturb the body’s digestive system and cause an imbalance of the microbiome population between pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria. This posttest-only control group study was conducted on 18 male Wistar rats which were divided into three groups (n = 6): (1) control (nonexercised); (2) moderate-intensity physical exercise (MIPE) (30 minutes at 55%VO2 max/day, 5 days per week); and (3) high-intensity physical exercise (HIPE) (30 minutes at 85% VO2 max/day, 5 days per week). After 5 weeks, subjects’ cecum was isolated from the gut and colony-forming units were counted for the total lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus spp., and Escherichia coli. Microbiological analysis of the cecal contents indicated that, in comparisons between the control, the MIPE, and the HIPE groups, there were no statistically significant differences between the bacterial groups except for E. coli between the MIPE and HIPE groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, the MIPE group showed a significantly higher acetate and propionic acid concentration compared to the HIPE and control groups (p < 0.05). Moderate but not high-intensity exercise may contribute to better well-being of the microbiota environment as shown by the significantly higher acetic and propionic acid production.
Highlights
The body’s defenses are protection against perceived harm to the body from the outside environment such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa (Hart, 1990)
High-intensity physical exercise (HIPE) can disturb the body’s digestive system and cause an imbalance of the microbiome population between pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria. This posttest-only control group study was conducted on 18 male Wistar rats which were divided into three groups (n = 6): (1) control; (2) moderate-intensity physical exercise (MIPE) (30 minutes at 55%VO2 max/day, 5 days per week); and (3) high-intensity physical exercise (HIPE) (30 minutes at 85% VO2 max/day, 5 days per week)
Moderate but not high-intensity exercise may contribute to better well-being of the microbiota environment as shown by the significantly higher acetic and propionic acid production
Summary
The body’s defenses are protection against perceived harm to the body from the outside environment such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa (Hart, 1990). When the body’s resistance is weakened, the infective agent will more penetrate the body’s defenses and cause disease. One way to increase the body’s immunity is by doing physical exercise. Moderate physical activity is known to help the process of transferring glucose into muscle cells so that it can be used by the body. In certain disease conditions such as diabetes, physical exercise will increase the level of insulin receptors, glucose transporter proteins, and Physical exercise is very important in increasing the body’s metabolism and immune system, by reducing stress and maintaining the balance of the intestinal microflora. Microflora can live and develop in the human body by utilizing the intestines, including the cecum which is the proximal part of the large intestine. Research showed that the presence of bacteria increases from the stomach to the large intestines, where the number of bacteria is 101–103 cells/g in the stomach and duodenum, with 104–107 cells/g in the jejunum and ileum, while as many as 1011–1012 cells/g are found in the colon (Finegold et al, 1983; O’Hara and Shanahan, 2006)
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