The impact of migration on the socio-economic state of the state

Abstract

The authors conducted a study of migration as a socio-economic category, taking into account qualitative and quantitative criteria, and also indicated the impact of migration on the development of the state. The authors note that migration is a multidimensional category, which includes different directions, motives of subjects and characteristics, while state regulation of migration flows is an integral part of migration. Also, according to the authors, migration processes do not unequivocally lead to one negative or positive impact on the socio-economic development of the state. This leads to the conclusion that the impact of migration depends on the characteristics of migration flows, their volume and qualitative features. In the case when a country has a negative balance of migration, and the influx of migrants is mainly characterized by inability to work or low qualifications, this leads to an obvious negative effect of migration. However, for countries with low population levels, insufficient natural growth and a small number of skilled workers, migration can significantly affect economic activity and growth in the country. Therefore, states need to determine migration policy based on macroeconomic data, the state of the labor market and the demographic situation in the country. Migration can replenish a dwindling labor force, but it can also put pressure on wages and spur local unemployment. At the same time, according to the authors, first of all, the state needs to fight against illegal migration. According to the material presented in the article, illegal migration has a significant negative effect on the state budget, necessitating investments in the fight against this phenomenon and a decrease in tax revenues. In addition, such migration contributes to an increase in the volume of the shadow economy, which operates outside state control, which poses a threat to the stability of socio-economic development. The authors emphasize that, first of all, it is necessary to take legal and administrative measures to combat illegal migration in order to reduce public spending. As a result, such actions also help to reduce the scale of the shadow sector of the economy by reducing the number of people employed in this area of labor resources.