THE IMPACT OF METHODS OF PREVENTION OF ENVY IN ‎THE CONSOLIDATION OF SUPERSTITIONS AMONG THE ‎ARABS BEFORE ISLAM، IRAQ AS A MODEL‎

Abstract

The Iraqi civilization in the pre-Islamic eras inherited the beliefs and concepts of the ‎ancient Sumerian, Babylonian and Assyrian civilizations that preceded it, as it was taken ‎from the unseen thought - in magic, envy and sorcery - that was prevalent in the Arabian ‎Peninsula, until the community of modern Iraqi civilization became ideological, stemming ‎from An ancient civilization, and its neighboring civilizations. ‎ ‎The ancient Iraqis believed in envy, and they tried to remove that fear and anxiety from ‎it, because of their belief in the destructive effect on them, especially the preparations of ‎their minds in revealing the scientific reasons behind a strong human being, and their ‎inability to know secrets, without having a reason to be wrapped in other reasons, moved ‎their priests. And their masters of charlatans, to invent superstitious ways and methods, ‎printing their cultural reality, and in harmony with their religious thought, so they used ‎spells and magical rituals, to control the envious eye, and they carried precious stones and ‎amulets and beads and fortified several behaviors in order to distract the envious eye and ‎ward off its danger from them‎‎‎‎.