Abstract
Abstract. Climate change and urbanization rates are transforming urban environments, making the use of 3D city models in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) a fundamental ingredient to evaluate urban layouts before construction. However, current geometries used in CFD simulations tend to be built by CFD experts to test specific cases, most of the times oversimplifying their designs due to lack of information or in order to reduce complexity. In this work we explore what are the effects of oversimplifying geometries by comparing wind simulations of different level of detail geometries. We use semantic 3D city models automatically built and adjust them to their suitable use in CFD. For the first test, we explore wind simulations within a troublesome section of the TUDelft campus, the passage next to the EWI building (the tallest building in our domain), where the use of 3D city model variants show how differences in geometry and surface properties affect local wind conditions. Finally we analyze what these differences in velocity magnitude could mean for practitioners in terms of pedestrian wind comfort.
Highlights
Climate change and urbanization are pushing the comfort boundaries of our cities
In this work we explore the effects of oversimplifying geometries by comparing wind simulations results with different LoD geometries and diverse semantics
In addition to the use of the geometries in Computational Fluid Dynamics, we explore advanced capabilities of 3D city models, such as the use of semantics
Summary
Climate change and urbanization are pushing the comfort boundaries of our cities. Simulation of such comfort with Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling is an essential part to evaluate urban layouts before construction. In addition to LoD, 3D city models utilise semantics to denote the different types of objects or surfaces in a urban environment; for instance, buildings, green areas and water bodies are denoted as such in the model. These can be utilised in CFD to approximate their material properties. In this work we explore the effects of oversimplifying geometries by comparing wind simulations results with different LoD geometries and diverse semantics To accomplish this goal, we use semantic 3D city models adjusted to their suitable use in CFD, and we predict wind flows in a section of the TU Delft campus using the validated CFD libraries from OpenFOAM. The goal of this work is to evaluate the prediction differences caused by geometries at different LoDs and with diverse se-
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