THE IMPACT OF HIGHLY SKILLED LABOUR MIGRATION ON HOST COUNTRIES (SWISS EXPERIENCE)

Abstract

Purpose. The aim of the article is systematization of theoretical approaches to the essence of international migration processes of highly qualified labour, as well as clarification of the impact of migration of highly qualified labour on host countries using the example of the Swiss economy. Methodology of research. In the course of writing the article, the methods generally accepted in economic science were applied: theoretical and comparative analysis – to reveal the essence and meaning of migration processes; analysis and synthesis, grouping method – to determine the number of people, causes and consequences of emigration of the country’s population; abstract and logical ‒ for theoretical generalization and formulation of conclusions. Findings. The consequences of immigration processes for the Swiss economy are studied. To understand the phenomenon of migration of highly qualified specialists, approaches to its definition are considered, including the theory of “brain drain”, which explains the negative consequences of the migration of highly qualified specialists in sending countries, the theory of “brain recruitment”, which describes the positive effects of this migration on receiving countries. Originality. An assessment of the main causes and consequences of migration processes for the social and economic development of the country was carried out, a systematization of theoretical approaches to the essence of international migration processes of highly qualified labour force was carried out, and the impact of migration of highly qualified labour force on host countries was clarified using the example of the Swiss economy. Practical value. The results of the conducted research can be used in the process of further implementation of deep social and economic reforms and radical institutional transformations in Ukraine, aimed at the formation of competitive advantages of the labour market and its effective functioning. The use of international experience to improve the efficiency of the domestic labour market will have positive consequences for the national economy in the future. Key words: highly qualified specialists, migration, integration, labour migration, migration processes, immigration, potential, workforce.