The Impact of High D-Dimer on The Clinical Outcome of Covid-19 patients at A Private Hospital in Jakarta

Abstract

D-Dimer is a fibrin degradation product as the resultof thrombus degradation by fibrinolysis. Elevated D-dimer in the blood is a presumptive marker of thrombosis. D-dimer levels above 1g/mL are risk factors for poorprognosis in patients with COVID-19. To evaluate the impact of high D-Dimer on the clinical outcome of Covid-19 patients at Private Hospital in Jakarta. A retrospective cohort study with convenience sampling was applied in this study. There were 980 patients but only 320 patients were eligible for inclusion criteria. This study only included confirmed COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized from March to June 2021, and the study was conducted from March to June 2022. The gender of the majority patients as the sample was male, 165 (52%) and 155(48%) female patients with moderate severity. Correlation between D-dimer and clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients using Fisher's exact method showed a higher survival rate of 287(89.7%) patients compared to 33(10.3%) patients who died with a p-value <0.05. The survival analysis for COVID-19 patients using the Kaplan Meier method showed that patients receiving D-dimer <500ng/mL had a median survival rate of about 90% after approximately 21 days of treatments, whereas patients whowere receiving >500 ng/mL had a 50% survival rate after 30 days of treatment. Patients receiving D-dimer <500ng/mL had a survival rate of about 90% after undergoing treatment for approximately 21 days, while patients who had D-dimer>500 ng/mL had a survival rate of about 50% after 30 days of treatment. Anticoagulants were given to almost all patients, roughly 10 percent died during hospitalization with hypercoagulation complications.