Abstract
South Korea pursued heavy and chemical industry (HCI) not only to speed economic growth and accelerate structural change but also to alleviate regional disparities. It used HCI growth poles to create a multiple-nuclei structure around Pusan. It aimed at reducing regional differences between the Seoul and Pusan core regions, between the Seoul-Pusan axis and the periphery, and between urban and rural areas. Although HCI boosted the south-east's GDRP between 1970 and 1985 its impact was too small to offset the growth of Seoul and too localized to help backward rural areas. However, HCI's typically lagged multiplier suggests that the long-term regional impact will be large.
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