The impact of having a relative in a need for cornea: the Knowledge, Attitude, and Willingness for Corneal Donation (KAWCD) questionnaire.

Abstract

Despite the advancement in the field of corneal transplantation, corneal donation is still the only source for cornea. In our study, we aimed to find predictors for a person's willingness toward cornea donation, and the impact of having a relative in a need for cornea transplantation on the willingness to donate cornea. The study included two cohorts to be compared, first degree relatives of patients waiting for corneal transplantation, and general ophthalmology patients who do not have relatives waiting for corneal donation. We designed questionnaire on Knowledge, Attitude, and Willingness for Cornea Donation (KAWCD), a tool specifically designed to measure the knowledge about corneal donation, and the attitude towards it. A total of 269 participants were included in this study, with a mean age of 49.59 (± 17.24) years. We included 182 (67.7%) participants who did not have a relative with or in need for corneal transplantation, and 87 (32.3%) participants who are first degree relatives to patients on the waiting list for corneal transplantation. Upon assessing factors predicting willingness for corneal donation, we found that attitude (p < 0.001; OR 1.126 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.17)) and age (p = 0.022; OR 0.973 (95% CI 0.95 to 0.99)) are the only predictors for willingness to donate. We found that the willingness to donate cornea is related to the attitude, rather than the knowledge about corneal donation. We believe awareness campaigns should focus on encouragement to donate corneas, rather than providing information about it.