THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON CULTURE AND EDUCATION

Abstract

Abstract. The article analyіes various and contradictory approaches to understanding the essence of socio-political, economic and cultural phenomenon of globalization. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of globalization on culture and education. Methods of research: theoretical (analysis of Polish and Ukrainian scientific literature on the problem under investigation); empirical (comparative analysis, generalization). The term «glocalization» is analyzed, from which the approaches to understanding of globalization in the aspect of its influence on culture are structured. The consequences of direct and indirect influence of globalization on culture and education, which lead to changes in their role and tasks in the modern world, are found out. The process of gradual emergence in the conditions of globalization of a new educational reality − «education without borders», in other words, the world educational space is investigated. It is noted that the processes of globalization require the educators to solve the problem of theoretical understanding of the cultural diversity of the world, against which the phenomenon of multiculturalism arises. The concept of multiculturalism is gaining in popularity in Poland and Ukraine as a problem of coexistence of the old cultural minorities and those that are just forming, connected not only with people’s and ethnic belongings, but also with religion, region, attitude towards history, the status of a person with disabilities, sexual orientation, etc. It is also noted that there are two trends in the field of educational reforms: one focuses on the centralization of the education system and the adoption of effective educational decisions at the macroeconomic level and the second on the decentralization of the education system. The article outlines the goal of modern culture and education, namely the preparation of society for the new challenges of globalization, which consists not only in building a global culture, but also in deepening the identity of individuals, groups and communities by promoting the provisions of mutual dialogue, mutual understanding and cooperation.