Abstract
The well-being of individuals is a crucial focal point and fundamental objective within the realm of social development. By examining a dataset comprising 16,593 micro-level records from the CHARLS database and employing the mesomeric effect model, the following conclusions are deduced: (1) The happiness levels of middle-aged and elderly women residing in rural regions of China are lower compared to men; (2) Gender exerts an influence on the happiness of middle-aged and elderly individuals in rural areas through mediating factors marital status and personal income; (3) Among the middle-aged and elderly population in rural areas of China, their level of education, perceived health status, number of family members, and frequency of contact with children can impact their overall sense of happiness.
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