The Impact of Formal, Informal, and Societal Support Networks on the Psychological Well-being of Black Adolescent Mothers

Abstract

Although several researchers argue that informal support systems provide economic and psychological resources for black families, little empirical research is available to inform policy and intervention programs. This article examines the impact of informal, formal, and societal support systems on the mental health of black adolescent mothers. Using the social work generalist theoretical framework, several types of resources are considered separately to determine whether they contribute similarly to psychological well-being. Data from a survey of black teenage mothers show that both lay and professional supports were important for the young mother's psychological well-being. Support from a male partner, caseworker contact, and membership in a support group decreased psychological distress and depression. Support from the male partner also enhanced psychological well-being. Support from friends, on the other hand, was associated with higher levels of psychological distress. A professional service plan that effectively incorporates informal and societal supports in a complementary manner offers the best possibility for reducing the distress of black teenage mothers.